Envelop of air-proof material.



iDDlSON 'l, SAUNDERS, Ul AKRON, Ulllt).

ENVELOP OF AIR-PROOF MATERIAL.

Application filed April 22.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, Amusnu 'lfimmnsus, l

a oitizen of the United States, residing at Akron, in the county of Summit :1 nd Stet e of Ohio, have invented a certain he, nnd usel'ul Envelop of Air-lrooi Materiel. oi which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to pneumatic articles of manufacture such as pneumatic tires, inattr esses, playing halls and the tile capable of holding air or gas under hi 'h pessure comprising an aielmldizug cnveioi or lining of a gelatinous compound rxopolile ol' uniting under heat at points of t'uutur'l and of being rendered non-fluent while retaining:

the properties of pliability and :ulhesiveness if a dition 0 that a quantity of albumen, small in propor when heated.

AS IS well known, enoutehouc or rubber, of

even the best quality, is a very imperl'ert container of air under pressure, and much impairment and loss alt-cud its use in many pneumatic articles of munulurture, irom the escape or leaking of the rompu-i-scd air through the sheet or layer ol the substance forming the chamber dwiuned o retain it.

I prefer to render my gelatinous air-holdenvelo) non-liqueiiuble by heat by the i albumen for l have discovered tion to a quantity of gelatin with which is combined suilicient glycerin to render the com ound pliable and soft, imports to the Wholie the property of setting" when the albumen therein is coagulated by hent un action somewhat analogous to that produced by caoutohouc by vulcanization,-- wherein, it becomes ractioally a fixed substance, non-- flowing un er subsequent bent in addition the compound is pliable, free from rapid deterioration, possesses the qualities of ad hesion at points of contact when heated, thus enabling the joining up of )arts as with raw rubber and is, finally, perlcctly im iervious to air under pressures up to high as 1,000 or 1,200 pounds per square inch which I hitbitually employ. A good way to mix this compound is as follows: In a vessel surrounded with hot Wfltm',--*p!"8ctlcitlly a glue kettle,heat the glycerin to about the;

point/of boiling water; and, after immersing the sheet gelatin in cold water long enough to slightly soften it, allow the surface water to drain off and add it to the hot glycerin, ,stirring until thoroughly mixed. Reduce Specification of Letters Patent.

1903. Serial No. 153,761.

Patented Feb. 23, 1909.

l the temperature oi this mixture to about 130 (Ii-gro s i", so that the added albumen may not be mo ulated in the process of manulecture, and then add the albumen (preferably the ihesiccutml, previously dissolved in only sullicicut cold water to accomplish that result), stirring as before. Maintain the temperature until it is well deaerated by the rising ol' the air to the surface, skim oil' the scum and pour the residue into shallow truvs. When it has cooled it is easily handled, Support it upon screens and desiecate in n dr v--rooin.

'llie emu-i, proportions in which the three ingredients nrc combined will depend somewhat upon 'condititms of climate, and the particular article or use for which the comlpo lml is intended, and i do not therefore l limit nrvseli' to illl y lixed 'iroportions. In this connection l note a fact which 1 have discovered the! whereas a certain quantity of glycerin required to produce, with a l given qusnlf f" gelatin, 3 mixture having :1 rcr'l din dmjrw oi llness and plinbility, the addition of u re v small quantity of ullnunen to the ut-hdin demands the addition l l i l l ol :1 much larger quantity of glycerin to pro 1 ducc :t mixture having the same degree of softness :unl pliubilitv. This ditierence in what might be culled the strength of the albumen end gelatin relative to the glycerin being borne in mind, considerable latitude in the proportions of these two first named ingredients is Innde possible by varying: the quantity of glycerin correspoiidingly. I have found that For general use it mixture in the prormrtions of nine pounds of glycerin, 1 fourteen pounds of gelatin and one pound of i (desiccated, or its equivalent oi undesiccntcd on}: albumen) gives good'rosnlts, and well adapted to be shaped and molded under gentle bent and to be formed by various methods into hollow linings for retaining air in pneumatic articles, to beioined up as l in segments requiring edgewise adhesion,

and to be so by coagulation of the alnlbumen, I

c lsot i, bumcn under heat as to prevent its melting; and running under subsequent heat while retaining its pliabilitv, imperviousness to stir, and adhesiveness w 1en hot.

I note that the admixture of pigments and graphite or other comminlited substances or i the like are to be avoided, as far as ibis possible so to do, for I have discovered that such substances, in a gelatinous compound, form paths through which the air under a hi h pressure will escape and, when used in en licient quantities, thus render the compound pervious to air.

From the re crties of my compound, as 1 have descri er them, the manner of forming the air-holding envelop or lining will be sufiiciently clear. A sheet of the material, with the albumen uncoagulatcd, may be cut, bent and molded into the desired, say hemispherical, form. By softening the parts to be united under heat, the process of ed gewise adhesion may be brou ht into play to join two hemis ihercs or t e edges of slieeted pieces of the desired shape to constitute a closed envelop or lining, these terms being used as practically synonymous herein, which may thereupon be subjected to a heat sufiicient to mold or shape the article and thereafter to a heat sullicicnt to coagulate the albumen to set the compound and render it non-fluentunder subsequent heat. Thereup m the envelop may be inflated with air or other suitable gas, which 1 include in the term air, by means of the usual hypodcn i mic inflation needle.

I claim,-

1. A pneumatic article of manufacture comprising an cnvelo containing com pressed air, composed oi a pliable gelatinous compound non-liqucfiablc by but adhesive under heat, substantiall Y as described.

2. A pneumatic article of manufacture coml'irising an en'velo containing pressed air, composed o a iliable gelatinous compound adhesive under ieat but rendered norrliqueiiable by heat by the presence of coagulatcd albumen, substantially as do scribed.

3. A. pneumatic article of manufacture, comprising an envelop, holding air under pressure, composed of a compound of gelatin and glycerin, adhesive under heat, but

rendered nonliquefiable by heat by the presence of coagulated albumen, substantial as by heat, non-fluent under subsequent heat while retaining the properties of pliability, adhcsiveness when heated and imperviousnose to air, substantially as described.

ADDISON T. SAUNDERS.

Witnesses W. W. WALLACE, F. E. WALLACE. 

